Real

 What is XML?

A.   Super set of SGML, Extendable Markup Language

B.   Subset of SGML, Extensible Markup Language

C.   Like SGML, Extended Markup Language

D.   None Of these

Ans:

 In TCP a unique sequence number is assigned to each

A.   Byte

B.   Message

C.   Word 

D.   Segment 

A firewall is to be configured to allow hosts in a private network to freely open TCP connections and send packets on open connections. However, it will only allow external host to send packets on existing open TCP connections or connections that are being opened by internal hosts but not allow them to open TCP connections to host in the private network. To achieve this minimum capability of the firewall should be that of

A.            A combinauonal circuit

B.            Push down automaton with two stacks

C.           A finite automaton

D.          A pushdown automaton with one stacks

 

  HELO and PORT, respectively are commands from the protocol:

A.   FT'P and HTI'P                                       

B.   TELNet and POP3

C.   HTTP and TELNET                                 

D.   SMTP and FTP

Answer OPtion D

 

 

 

 

Which of the following statements ie TRUE about  CSMA/CD?

A.     IEE802.ll wireless LAN runs CSMA/CD protocol

B.   Ethernet is not based on CSMA/CDprotocol

C.   CSMA/CD is not suitable for a high propagation delay network like satellite network

D.   There is no contention in a CSMA/CD network

 Count to infinity is a problem associated with:

A.   Link state routing protocol

B.   DNS while resolving hostname

C.   Distance vector routing protocol

D.   TCP for congestion control

 In a TCP/IP protocol suite, which one of the following is NOT a part of IP header?

A.   Fragment Offset B.   Destination IP Address
C.   Source IP Address D.   Destination port number

Connected to a department network which is part of a university network. The university network in turn, is part of the internet. The largest network in which the Ethernet address of the host is unique is:

A.   The subnet to which the host belongs 

B.   The department network 

C.   The internet

D.   The university network    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 A sender is employing public key cryptography to send a secret message to a receiver. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

A.   Sender encrypts using receivers public key

B.   Sender encrypts using his own public key

C.   Receiver decrypts using senders public key

D.   Receiver decrypts using his own public key

     

 

A linker:

 

	A.   Is not necessary with variable partitions B.   Must be run after the loader C.   Creates a load module D.   Is not needed with a good compiler

 In real-time OS, which of the following is the most suitable scheduling scheme?

A.   Round Robin

B.   Preemptive

C.   First come first serve

D.   Random Scheduling

 

  Dijkstra's banking algorithm in an OS, solves the problem of:

A.   Deadlock avoidance

B.   Mutual exclusion

C.   Deadlock  recovery

D.   Context switching

Consider a fully associative cache with 8 cache blocks (numbered 0-7) and the following sequence of memory block requests:

4, 3, 25, 8, 19, 6, 25, 8, 16, 35, 45, 22, 8, 3, 16, 25, 7

If LRU replacement policy is used, which cache block will have memory block 7?

(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 7

Answer: (B)

Explanation: Block size is =8

Given 4, 3, 25, 8, 19, 6, 25, 8, 16, 35, 45, 22, 8, 3, 16, 25, 7

So from 0 to 7 ,we have

·         4 3 25 8 19 6 16 35    //25,8 LRU so next 16,35 come in the block.

·          45 3 25 8 19 6 16 35

·         45 22 25 8 19 6 16 35

·         45 22 25 8 19 6 16 35

·         45 22 25 8 3 6 16 35     //16 and 25 already there

·         45 22 25 8 3 7 16 35   //7 in 5th block

Therefore , answer is  B

 

 

 

 

 

Two shared resources R1 and R2 are used by processes P1 and P2. Each process has a certain priority for accessing each resource. Let Tij denote the priority of Pi for accessing  Rj. A process Pi can snatch a resource Rh from process Pj if Tik is greater than Tjk.

Given the following :

1.     T11 > T21

2.     T12 > T22

3.     T11 < T21

4.     T12 < T22

 

 

Which of the following conditions ensures that P1 and P2 can never deadlock?

 
(A) (I) and (IV)
(B) (II) and (III)
(C) (I) and (II)
(D) None of the above

Answer: (C)

Explanation:
If all the resources are allocated to one process then deadlock will never occur.
So, if we allocate both R1 and R2 to process P1 or both R1 and R2 to process P2 then deadlock can be prevented.
When one process completes its execution then both the resources are allocated to the other process.
So, either condition (I) and (II) or condition (III) and (IV) ensures that deadlock never occurs.

  Afirewall:

A.   Is a computer or router that sits between the trusted and untrusted

B.   It limit network access between the two security domains, maintains and logs all connections

C.   A firewall may need to allow http to pass  

D.  All of these

    A problem in NP is NP complete if

A.   Some problem in NP can be reduced to it in polynomial time

B.    The 3..SAT problem can be reduced to it in polynomial time

C.     It can be reduced to any other problem in NP in polynomial time

D.    It can be reduced to be 3 SAT problem in polynomial time

      
        

 

  The maximum number of edges in an acyclic undirected graph with n vertices is:

A.   n-1    

B.   n+1

C.   n

D.   2n-I                                                      

 In  a binary tree, the number of internal nodes of degree1is 5 and  the number of internal nodes of degree 2is10.The number of leaf nodes in the binary tree is:

A.   15

B.   11

C.   12

D.   10

 Which of the following a sequence of array elements form a heap?

A.   (23,17,14,6,13,10,l,12,7,5)

B.   (23,17,14,6,13,10,l,5,7,12)

C.   (23,17,14,7,13,10,l,5,6,12)   

D.   (23,17,14,7,13,10,l,12,15,7)
       

The binary relation={{l,1),(2,1),(2,2),(2,8),(2. 4),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4)}on the set

A     (1,2,3,4,}is:

A.   Reflexive .symmetric and transitive

B.   Neither reflexive, nor ir reflexive but transitive

C.    Irr eflexive and anti symmetric

D.        lr reflexive, symmetric and transitive
       
  
 

 

 In a room containing 28people,there are 18 people who speak Engli•h,15 people who speak Hindi and 22 people who speak Kannada, 9persons speak both Engli•h and Hindi,11 person speak both Hindi and Kannada whereas 13 persons speak both Kannada and English.How many people speak all the three language?

A.   6

B.   7

C.   8

D.   9

 

   

 

 Which one of the fo1lowing regular exprssion is NOT equivalent to

Other regular expression ((ab)*+c*)*?

A.   (a*+b*+c*)*

B.   (a+b+c)*

C.   (a*b*c*)

D.   (a*b*+c*)*

    
Which of the following statements TRUE about other regular expression 01*0?

A.   It represents finite set of finite strings

B.   It represents an infinite set of finite strings

C.   It represents an infinite set of infinite strings

D.   It represents an finite set of infinite strings

  Let L be a context free language and M are regular language. Then the language LnM:

A.   Always regular

B.   Always a deterministic context free language

C.   Never regular

D.   Always a context free language

                                   

 

 

 

A major advantage of inheritance

A.   Reducing the time it take to create new objects

B.   Not having to think about how object will be used

C.   Reducing the amount of memory required to execute the program

                                       D.   Enabling  people to  create useful application programs    

                               ANSWER : OPTION A 

                       Which of the following is a realization of polymorphism?

A.   Operator  overloading

B.   Function Overloading

C.   Dynamic Binding

D.   All of these

 

The technique used to summarize the financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific and economic data is?

A.   Presentation Graphics

B.   Image processing

C.   Computer Art

D.   None of above

Ans: Option A

Let P be a singly linked list. Let Q be the pointer to an intermediate node x in the list. What is the worst-case time complexity of the best-known algorithm to delete the node x from the list?

A.   O(n)

B.   O(log2n)

C.    O(logn)

D.    O(1)

Ans: Option A

In a binary tree, for every node the difference between the number of nodes in the left and right subtrees is at most 2. If the height of the tree is h > 0, then the minimum number of nodes in the tree is:
(A) 2^{h – 1}
(B) 2^{h – 1} + 1
(C) 2^h – 1
(D) 2^h


Answer: (B)

Explanation:

Let there be n(h) nodes at height h.

 

In a perfect tree where every node has exactly

two children, except leaves, following recurrence holds.

 

n(h) = 2*n(h-1) + 1

 

In given case, the numbers of nodes are two less, therefore

n(h) = 2*n(h-1) + 1 - 2

     = 2*n(h-1) - 1

 

Now if try all options, only option (b) satisfies above recurrence.

 

Let us see option (B)

n(h) = 2^{h - 1} + 1

 

So if we substitute

n(h-1) = 2^h-2 + 1, we should get n(h) = 2^h-1 + 1

 

n(h) =  2*n(h-1) - 1

     =  2*(2^h-2 + 1) -1

     =  2^h-1 + 1.

 

A binary search tree contains the numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. When the tree is traversed in pre-order and the values in each node printed out, the sequence of values obtained is 5,3,1,2,4,6,8,7.5,3,1,2,4,6,8,7. If the tree is traversed in post-order, the sequence obtained would be

A.   8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1

B.   1,2,3,4,8,7,6,5

C.   2,1,4,3,6,7,8,5

D.   2,1,4,3,7,8,6,5

Consider a relation R with five attributes V, W, X, Y, and Z. The following functional dependencies hold:
VY→ W, WX → Z, and ZY → V.
Which of the following is a candidate key for R?
(A) VXZ
(B) VXY
(C) VWXY
(D) VWXYZ


Answer: (B)

Explanation: Using VY, W can be explored. With WX, Z can be explored

Amongst the ACID properties of a transaction, the ‘Durability’ property requires that the changes made to the database by a successful transaction persist

 
(A) Except in case of an Operating System crash
(B) Except in case of a Disk crash
(C) Except in case of a power failure
(D) Always, even if there is a failure of any kind


Answer: (D)

Explanation: ACID properties:

Atomicity: By this, we mean that either the entire transaction takes place at once or doesn’t happen at all.
Consistency: This means that integrity constraints must be maintained so that the database is consistent before and after the transaction.
Isolation: This property ensures that multiple transactions can occur concurrently without leading to inconsistency of database state.
Durability: This property ensures that once the transaction has completed execution, the updates and modifications to the database are stored in and written to disk and they persist even if system failure occurs no matter which type of failure.

Therefore option D

 A B-Tree used as an index for a large database table has four levels including the root node. If a new key is inserted in this index, then the maximum number of nodes that could be newly created in the process are:

(A) 5
(B) 4
(C) 3
(D) 2


Answer: (A)

Explanation: Number of children of a node is equal to the number of keys in it plus 1.

Given tree has 4 levels, the tree will be increased with one more level if a new key is inserted.

 

(A) 1 NF
(B) 2 NF
(C) 3 NF
(D) none


Answer: (A)

Explanation:  

First Normal Form
A relation is in first normal form if every attribute in that relation is singled valued attribute.

Second Normal Form

A relation is in 2NF iff it has No Partial Dependency, i.e., no non-prime attribute (attributes which are not part of any candidate key) is dependent on any proper subset of any candidate key of the table.

A relational database contains two tables employee and department in which employee table has columns emp-no and dept-id and department table has columns dept-id and dept-name. The following insert statements were executed successfully to populate the empty tables:

Insert into department values(2,'information technology')

insert into employee values(1,'Navin',1)

insert into employee values(2,'Mukesh',2)

insert into employee values(3,'Suresh',2)

How many rows and columns will be retrieved by the following SQL statement

Select * from employee, department

A) 0 row and 4 columns

B) 3 rows and 4 columns

C) 3 rows and 5 columns

D) 6 rows and 5 columns

Since, there is no specific joining condition specified, it will retrieve Cartesian product of the table

Number of rows = product of number of rows in each relation =3×2=6$=3\times 2=6$

Number of columns = sum of number of columns =3+2=5$=3+2=5$

Answer: D.

A software configuration management tool helps in

A.   keeping track of the schedule based on the milestones reached

B.   maintaining different versions of the configurable items

C.   managing manpower distribution by changing the project structure

D.   all of the above

Answer: B

 

A relation Employee is defined with attributes empcode (unique), name, street, city, state and pincode. For any pincode, there is only one city and state. Also, for any given street, city and state, there is just one pincode. In normalization terms, Employee is a relation in
(A) 1NF only
(B) 2NF and hence also in 1NF
(C) 3NF and hence also in 2NF and 1NF
(D) BCNF and hence also in 3NF, 2NF an 1NF


Answer: (B)

Explanation:  

Given:

Empdtl: empcode , name, street, city, state and pincode

·         There is transitive dependency in Table ( pincode, there is only one city and state),so not in 3NF

·         All attributes are fully dependant on key,so in 2NF

So answer is B

 

In a software project, COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) is used to estimate
(A) effort and duration based on the size of the software
(B) size and duration based on the effort of the software
(C) effort and cost based on the duration of the software
(D) size, effort and duration based on the cost of the software


Answer: (A)

Explanation: The basic COCOMO equations take the form

Effort Applied (E) = a_b(KLOC)^b_b [ person-months ]

Development Time (D) = c_b(Effort Applied)^d_b [months]

People required (P) = Effort Applied / Development Time [count]                                        //Source:Wikipedia

As it can be observed from above equations,Effort and Duration are on L.H.S whereas KLOC(Line of code) ,used to measure program size is on R.H.S. Hence, Answer is A

In the absolute addressing mode
(A) the operand is inside the instruction
(B) the address of the operand is inside the instruction
(C) the register containing address of the operand is specified inside the instruction
(D) the location of the operand is implicit


Answer: (B)

Explanation: (b) is the answer. Absolute addressing mode means address of operand is given in the instruction.

(a) operand is inside the instruction -> immediate addressing
(c) -> register addressing
(d) -> implicit addressing

The register used as a working area in CPU is

A.   Program counter

B.   Instruction register

C.   Instruction decoder

D. accumulator

  Ans: Option D 

 

The register which keeps track of the execution of a program and which contains the memory address of the instruction currently being executed is known as

A.   Index Register

B.   Memory Address Register

C.   Program Counter

D.   Instruction Register

Ans: Program Counter 

The address bus 8086 CPU is

  Which of the following objects can be used in expressions and scriplets in JSP (Java Server Pages) without explicitly declaring them?

 

 
(A) session and request only
(B) request and response only
(C) response and session only
(D) session, request and response


Answer: (D)

Explanation:
JSP provides certain implicit objects which are accessed using standard variables and are automatically available for use in our JSP without writing any extra code. We can directly use them within Scriptlet without initializing and declaring them.

Request : It encapsulates the request coming from the Client and being processed by the JSP. It is passed to the JSP by the container as a parameter of the jspService( ) method.

Session : Session are created automatically, and a new session is available even when there is no incoming session unless we have used a session = ”false” attribute in the page directive.
 
Response : It is used to reply to the client(browser) with either some data or redirect to some other page

 
Thus, option (D) is correct.

The TRAP interrupts mechanism of the 80858085 microprocessor:

A.   executes an instruction supplied by an external device through the INTAINTA signal

B.   executes an instruction from memory location 20H20H

C.   executes a NOP

D.   none of the above

Answer D

Which of the following statements about relative addressing mode is FALSE?

A.   It enables reduced instruction size

B.   It allows indexing of array element with same instruction

C.   It enables easy relocation of data

D.   It enables faster address calculation than absolute addressing

Answer:  It enables faster address calculation than absolute addressing

Which of the following DMA transfer modes and interrupt handling mechanisms will enable the highest I/O band-width?

A.   Transparent DMA and Polling interrupts

B.   Cycle-stealing and Vectored interrupts

C.   Block transfer and Vectored interrupts

D.   Block transfer and Polling interrupts
Answer: (C)

	The number (A72E)16 is equivalent to A.   (123456)8 and (22130232)4 B.   (132456)8 and (22130232)4 C.   (123456)8 and (22131122)4 D.   (123546)8 and (22120232)4
	Convert AE27 to Binary= 1010 0111 0010 1110 Octal: Group 3 bits from right, and convert into equivalent octal number- 123456 Base-4: Group 2 bits from right, and convert into equivalent number (0,1,2,3): 221302 What is the minimum number of NAND gates required to implement a 2-input EXCLUSIVE-OR function without using any other logic gate? A.   3 B.    4 C.   5 D. 6   The output of this C code is?   #include <stdio.h> int main() { do printf(“Inside while loop “); while (0); printf(“After while loop\n”); }   A.   Infinite loop B.   Compilation error C.   After While loop D.   Inside while loop After while loop  Answer: Option D:  Inside While loop After While loop The default parameter passing mechanism of function is A.   call by value B.   call by reference C.   call by result D. None of the above ANSWER: Option A What will be the output of following C program segment? Int n=1 Switch (n) { Class1: printf (“One”) Class 2:printf(“ Two”) Class 3: Class 4: Class 5: default:  Printf(“Wrong Choice”); } A.   One B.   One Two Wrong Choice C.   Two D.   One Two Answer: Option B